The Co-operative Bank plc is a commercial bank in the United Kingdom and Guernsey, with its headquarters in Manchester. The bank markets itself as an ethical bank, and refuses to invest in companies involved in the arms trade, global climate change, genetic engineering, animal testing and use of sweated labour as stated in its ethical policy. The ethical policy was introduced in 1992.[2] In 2002, Co-operative Group Limited brought the bank and Co-operative Insurance Society under the control of a newly incorporated holding society, Co-operative Financial Services, which became Co-operative Banking Group in 2011